Location:
Chapainawabganj is on the far west of the map of Bangladesh. Rajshahi and Naogaon districts on the east, Malda district of West Bengal in the north, Padma river and Malda district on the west and Padma river and Murshidabad district (West Bengal) on the south. Chapainawabganj district is located at 24'22 'to 24'56' north latitude and 87'55 'to 88'23' east longitude.
Topographically chapainawabgonj is divided into two parts.
Such as 1. Barind region and
2. Diar region.
1. Barind region:
The area on the east side of the river Mahananda is known as Barind region. The Barind region is one of the oldest areas of Bangladesh and the subcontinent. The Barind region is thought to have formed in the early stages of the formation of the Bengal Delta. Chapainawabganj Sadar, some parts of Gomstapur upazila and the whole area of Nachol upazila belong to Barind area. Paddy is the main crop of the Barind region.
2. Diar region:
The area west of the river Mahananda is known as Diar. This region is formed as a result of the constant change of course of the river Ganges. The land of this riverine area is very fertile. Once upon a time this area was famous for the production of silk and indigo. At present most of the mango orchards of the district are located in Diar area.
Rivers and wetlands:
1. The river Padma-Ganga flows through India and enters Bangladesh under the name of Padma by the side of Shibganj upazila of Chapainawabganj. Since the construction of the Farakka Dam upstream, the flow of water in the Padma has been declining and huge chars have been rising. At present the Padma has lost its former form but every year during the monsoon season it assumes a catastrophic form.
2. Mahananda: The river Mahananda enters Bangladesh through Bholahat upazila of the district and joins the Padma at Godagari upazila of Rajshahi. Chapainawabganj district town is located on the banks of the river Mahananda.
3.Pagla: The river Pagla, which came from India, joins the Maraganga at Tattipur in Shibganj upazila and flows into Mahananda a little further.
4.Punarbhaba: The river Punarbhaba flows from Dinajpur through Naogaon district through Gomstapur upazila of Chapainawabganj.
Beel and Marshland:
In addition to rivers, the district has numerous beels and wetlands like Bilbhatia, Beel Churil, Beel Singra, Beel Hogla, Beel Putimari, Beel Anil and Beel Marichadah and Beel Kumiradah.
Temperature:
he maximum and minimum average temperatures here are 44 degrees Celsius and 44degrees Celsius respectively. Annual average rainfall is 187cm